Determining Who Is At Fault, And By How Much
While the general assumption is that the driver who is merging into traffic has the responsibility to enter safely, there are scenarios where this may not be possible. For example, if a driver in traffic is driving aggressively, driving while distracted, or otherwise not following local motor vehicle codes and laws.
Many states will allow comparative negligence, which allows for multiple parties to be determined as a portion of the fault. For example, if you are merging into traffic, but then a driver speeds up to prevent your entry, they would carry a portion of the fault, perhaps even a majority of it, if it can be proven during settlement talks or in court. If your fault is less than 51% then the other party may be liable for your damages.
Dealing With “No-Fault” States
Some states allow what is termed as “no-fault” insurance, where any claim for property damage or personal injury is filed with your own insurance, regardless of the scenario or fault. The only areas and states where this is possible are Washington D.C., Utah, North Dakota, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Kentucky, Kansas, Pennsylvania, Hawaii, New Jersey, New York, Florida, and Michigan.